Sustainable-Stow-Climate-14-Apr-2021

Sustainable Stow Climate Change 14 Apr 2021

  • The way climate change is affecting wild life right now in our area
  • Joy Marzoff — the Joy of Nature
    • Www.thejoysofnature.com
    • MA is leading the way
  • Climate Change
    • Long term change, different than weather
    • 2020 was the warmest year on record
    • 2016 second highest
    • 2019 third highest
    • 10 of the last 10 years, have been the hottest on record and 19 of the last 20
    • 130 degrees in Death Valley this year!
  • Climate Science in 4 pictures
    • Heat-trapping blanket
    • Regular versus rampant carbon dioxide
    • Oceans = climate’s heart
    • Osteoporosis of the sea
  • Sightline Institute as a good source
  • Blanket of greenhouse gases
    • Carbon dioxide, methane, CFC’s, etc
  • Future conditions depend on our actions today
    • Today’s choices
      • File sources for power, transportation, and industry
      • Land development
    • Emission scenarios
    • Future impacts
      • More hot days
      • Increased extreme precipitation
      • Greater amounts of sea level rise
  • Methane leakage from natural gas operations (stats from Environmental Defense Fund and PNAS)
    • 59% natural gas production
    • 8% processing
    • 20% transmission and storage
    • 13% local distribution
    • Methane hot spots
  • US 2020 Billion Dollar Weather and Climate Disasters
    • How many billion dollar weather events per year? Getting higher each year
    • Wind, flooding, fires, cyclones, hurricanes, tornadoes
    • Last 5 years: total cost in US $600B
    • 5 year annual cost average $121B
    • Last 10 years: $890B (135 events)
    • Last 15 year: 1.04T (173 events)
    • $80B in wildfires in 2020. 3.2 million acres were burned.
  • Extreme weather in MA
    • 20 tornadoes in 2019 in CT!
    • Nearly 2 dozen in 2018
    • Other trends:
      • Too much or not enough water
      • More hot days in summer / more dry days
      • Warmer winters (change in snowfall vs rainfall
      • Later / wetter spring
      • Nor’easters increasing in frequency?
  • The fires exploding in Oregon and Washington were unprecedent. Not typical for ares of the NW w/ temperate rain forests
    • Smoke even made it to MA!
  • Droughts around the world: Australia and S. Africa
    • Last 2 years were hottest on record
    • The dam cracked due to fires. They ran out of water!
  • MA
    • Parts of MA already in drought!
    • As recently as Apr 6 — abnormally dry (this is normally a wet month)
    • 2021 was 4th driest first half of March on record (1915 was #1)
    • Dried up vernal pools seem to be decreasing amphibian and good insect populations
    • Warmer winters — affecting our trees
      • Life w/out maple syrup!
  • Warmer weather is shifting composition of our forests
    • Current: spruce/fir, maple, beech, birch
    • Over time, northern hardwoods will lose advantage
      • More oak, hickory, beech
    • more poison ivy! (More plants, longer growing season, stronger chemicals due to more carbon dioxide)
    • Screws up hibernation
  • Changing seasons around the world
    • Netherlands — change in caterpillar hatching times affects migratory birds
    • 0ver 14M acres of spruce killed by bark beetles
    • Pine beetles impacting trees in US
  • changing climate affect wild life
    • Shifting precipitation, total amounts, intensify
      • All causes changes in forest quality, understory, insect numbers, and fire patterns
  • Birds and insect hatching getting out of sync
  • Migration schedules getting messed up
  • Great book: Walden Warming
  • Growing season is longer, but so is ragweed
  • Forsythia leaf-out is earlier this year
  • More fungus diseases on animals and plants around us
  • Sea Level Rise
    • Warming causes land and sea ice to melt and sea water to expand
    • Sea levels rising
  • annual temperatures in Alaska getting warming
  • Sea level in boston expected to rise by 7 inches to 1 foot 6 by 2050
  • Most of MIT might be under water!
  • Oceans = climate’s heart
    • World’s ocean circulate heat and moisture
    • Marine wild life impact
    • Coral bleaching
    • Ocean acidification
    • Local marine life — lobsters getting disease and/or moving away
    • Reduced calcium buildup for shells, clams, oysters
    • More carbon and more fresh water dumping into ocean increases acidification
    • Food chain disruption
  • What can we do?
    • Pluggable hybrid cars
    • Solar panels
    • Energy efficient heat pump systems
    • Rain barrels (for watering the yard!)
    • Efficient shower heads
    • Eat less meat, more veggies
    • Eat local when possible
    • Waste less food - nearly 1/3 of all food in US is wasted, single biggest component of land fills
    • compost!!!
    • Reduce your use of plastics made from fossil fuels (reusable cloth bags)
    • Loe.org article on Carbon fridges that produce HFC’s
    • Join local land trusts
    • Local community efforts like Sustainable Stow